Without a doubt La Troienne was the most famous and influential broodmare in twentieth century America. She was bred in France by the highly respected Monsieur Marcel Boussac, who for many years was a leading owner and breeder. La Troienne raced unsuccessfully in France, winning none of her four starts. Ulbrich reports she was sold at Newmarket's 1930 December Sales for 1,250 Guineas, in foal to Gainsborough. She was imported by Colonel E. R. Bradley to his Idle Hour Stock Farm. She is described as "the most important producer to be brought across the Atlantic Ocean in this century." McLean notes that she was "a small, plain mare, quite unlike her three-parts sister Adargatis, but she would transmit tremendous speed to her progeny and to their descendants."

La Troienne produced 14 foals, of which 12 raced, and 10 were winners, including Baby League (dam of 4 SW: Busher, Mr. Busher, Striking, Harmonizing), Champion Black Helen (American Derby, Florida Derby, Maryland Handicap, CCA Oaks Stakes), Biologist (Albany Handicap), Big Hurry (Selima Stakes, dam of 5 SW: Be Fearless, Bridal Flower, The Admiral, Great Captain, Searching), Bimelech (Belmont Stakes, Preakness Stakes, 2nd Kentucky Derby), Beseiged, Belle Histoire (dam of SW Royal Record), Belle of Troy (dam of SW Cohoes), Big Event (dam of SW Hall of Fame), Businesslike (dam of 2 SW: Busanda, Auditing), Broke Even, Bee Ann Mac (Selima Stakes), and the geldings Back Yard, and Trojan War. The foal by Gainsborough was put down as a yearling due to back problems.

Some of her notable descendants include Sea Hero (Champagne Stakes, Travers Stakes, Kentucky Derby), Go For Gin (Kentucky Derby, 2nd Preakness Stakes, Belmont Stakes), Striking (Schuylerville Stakes, Broodmare of the Year), Glowing Tribute (Broodmare of the Year), Al Mamoon (John Henry Handicap, 2nd Breeders' Cup Mile Stakes), Tejano (Hollywood Futurity, Cowdin Stakes, Arlington-Washington Futurity), Super Diamond (Hollywood Gold Cup Handicap, San Antonio Handicap), Lite Light (Kentucky Oaks Stakes, CCA Oaks Stakes, Santa Anita Oaks Stakes, Las Virgenes Stakes), True Knight (Suburban Handicap, Amory L. Haskell Handicap), Adored (Santa Margarita Handicap, Delaware Handicap), Private Account ( Widener Handicap, Gulfstream Park Handicap), Polish Navy (Champagne Stakes, Cowdin Stakes, Woodward Stakes), and Busanda (Suburban Handicap, Top Flight Handicap, Saratoga Cup twice, dam of Buckpasser).

Champions tracing to La Troienne include Easy Goer (Jockey Club Gold Cup, Wood Memorial Stakes, Belmont Stakes, Whitney Handicap, Woodward Handicap, Suburban Handicap, Travers Stakes, 2nd Kentucky Derby, Preakness Stakes), Woodman (Anglesey Stakes), Rhythm (Breeders' Cup Juvenile Stakes, Travers Stakes), Allez France (Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe, Prix de Diane), Outstandingly (Breeders Cup Juvenile Fillies Stakes, Hollywood Starlet Stakes), Princess Rooney (Breeders Cup Distaff Stakes, Kentucky Oaks, Frizette Stakes, Vanity Handicap, Spinster Stakes), Buckpasser (Champagne Stakes, Flamingo Stakes, Arlington-Washington Futurity, Jockey Club Gold Cup, Brooklyn Handicap, Chicagoan Stakes, American Derby, Arlington Classic Handicap, Woodward Stakes, Travers Stakes, Lawrence Realization Stakes, Metropolitan Handicap, Suburban Handicap, San Fernando Stakes), The Axe 2nd (Imperial Stakes, Newmarket Stakes, Man o' War Stakes, Benjamin F. Lindheimer Handicap, San Luis Rey Handicap, Canadian Championship Stakes), Travelling Victor (Longacres Mile), Caerleon (Gold Cup, Prix du Jockey Club), Regal Gleam (Frizette Stakes, Selima Stakes), Busher (Selima Stakes, Matron Stakes, Arlington Handicap, Santa Margarita Handicap, Hollywood Derby, Washington Park Handicap), Personality (Preakness Stakes, Jersey Derby, Wood Memorial Stakes, Woodward Stakes), Affectionately (Sorority Stakes, Spinaway Stakes, Correction Handicap twice, Top Flight Handicap, Vagrancy Handicap), But Why Not (Arlington Classic, Beldame Handicap), Oedipus (Brook Steeplechase Handicap twice, Grand National Steeplechase Handicap), Destro (Ladies Handicap), Pleasant Tap (Breeders' Cup Sprint, Jockey Club Gold Cup, Suburban Handicap, 3rd Kentucky Derby), Numbered Account (Frizette Stakes, Gardenia Stakes, Matron Stakes, Selima Stakes, Spinaway Stakes, Spinster Stakes, Matchmaker Stakes), Absurde (Criterium d'Evry), Bridal Flower (Beldame Handicap, Roamer Handicap), Turgeon (Irish St. Leger Stakes, Prix Royal Oak), Straight Deal (Delaware Handicap, Top Flight Handicap, Vineland Handicap, Spinster Stakes), Zoman (International Stakes, Prix d'Ispahan), Relaxing (Ruffian Handicap, Delaware Handicap, Broodmare of the Year), Splendid Ann (South Africa), Prairie Bayou (Preakness Stakes, 2nd Kentucky Derby), and Autobiography (Jockey Club Gold Cup, San Fernando Stakes).

La Troienne heads her own branch of Family 1, tracing to Tregonwell's Natural Barb Mare.